MODERNIST CITY AS A SUSTAINABLE PLACE TO LIVE

Abstract

Le Corbusier's idea of a modernist city is a concept of a good city to life, a large city, yet with access to the sun and fresh air for every inhabitant, which was ahead of its time. The guidelines of the great architect to create the "best to live" buildings also resulted from the postulates adopted by the CIAM at the 4th Congress in 1933. in Athens. The most outstanding architects of the time, led by Le Corbusier, prepared the principles of modern design, whose main slogan was: "sun, space, greenery" These ideas were far from the conditions prevailing at the time life, even considered a luxury belonging to the richest city dwellers. It should be remembered that until the interwar period, the dominant urban development was dense, in closely adjacent tenement houses with outbuildings and backyards-wells. "More air, light and greenery"! These ideas began to come back into favor in the in our times, as the main goals of a sustainable city. Similarly anyway, it is with the idea of a fifteen-minute city. However, in both of these cases, we too often forget that it is the architect who is responsible for their creation, considered by many to be the "destroyer of the real life of cities". Although hated, he set trends in multi-family housing for the next few decades, indirectly fighting housing poverty in many countries. Erection of multi-family buildings in industrializing countries socialist, was a solution to the problem of the so-called housing gap, enabling accelerated industrialization. Buildings and apartments built in seventies and eighties of the last century, still provide good place to live, despite the undeserved bad reputation.

The aim of the article is to prove that the modernist ideas of Le Corbusier they were ahead of their time. Thus, the concept of a modernist city was presented according to Le Corbusier, and its links with the idea of sustainable development were indicated cities. The inhabitants of modern cities fight for these goals, set by Le Corbusier and the goals of a sustainable city, i.e. for the comfort of living in the city. In order to achieve this goal, the authors made an attempt to define the city, presented the assumptions of a modernist city and an attempt to implement it in the conditions of the socialist economy. This not-so-successful attempt, mainly by emphasizing the number of built apartments, and not complex living conditions, contributed to the collapse of the idea of modernism. Today – in our opinion – it returns in the form of the concept of a sustainable city, the goal of which is the same as Le Corbusier's goal – the comfort of life for all residents.